Not really, I guess? It's first-person-platformer/walking-simulator with puzzles, so outside of the atmosphere of certain stages there isn't that much in common - there are no over-the-top landscape rearranging battles or anything resembling the body horror of Silicon Life. And while Blame!'s story was rather minimal, outside of one sentence at the beginning, Naissancee basically has no story.
EDIT: By "Blame! vibes" I mostly meant that oppressive feeling, that even if you find an open place with clouds above your head, you always know there's still a concrete ceiling above them and miles of heavy structure further up. You're always inside, there might not even be an "outside".